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Definition of Erectile dysfunction Erectile dysfunction (ED) is the inability of a man to achieve or maintain an erection sufficient for his sexual needs or the needs of his partner. Erectile dysfunction is sometimes called as “impotence”. The term "erectile dysfunction" can mean the inability to achieve erection, an inconsistent ability to do so, or the ability to achieve only brief erections. Ayurveda defines Erectile dysfunction or ED as follows. Sankalpapravano nityam priyaam vashyaamapi sthreeyam || na yaathi lingashaithilyaath kadaachidyaathi vaa yadi | Shwaasaarthaha swinnagaatrshcha moghasankalpacheshtitaha || mlaanashishnashcha nirbeejaha syodetat klaibyalaxanam | This means even though a man has a strong desire to perform sexual act with a cooperative partner, he can not perform sexual act because of looseness (absence of erection) of his phallus (penis). Even if he performs sexual act with his determined efforts he does not get erection and gets afflicted with tiredness, perspiration and frustration to perform sex. Physiology of erection The two chambers of penis (corpora cavernosa,) which run throught the organ are filled with spongy tissue. The corpora cavernosa are surrounded by a membrane, called the tunica albuginea. The spongy tissue contains smooth muscles, fibrous tissues, spaces, veins, and arteries. The urethra, which is the channel for urine and semen runs along underside of the corpora cavernosa. Due to sensory or mental stimulation, or both, the erection begins. Due to impulses from brain and local nerves the muscles of corpora cavernosa relax and allow blood to flow in and fill the spaces of spongy tissue. The flow of blood creates pressure in the corpora cavernosa, making the penis expand. The tunica albuginea helps trap the blood in the chambers, thereby sustaining erection. When muscles in the penis contract to stop the inflow of blood and open outflow channels, erection recedes. In ayurveda physiology of erection and ejaculation is described as follows Vrishunow basthimedram cha naabhyuuru vankshnow gudam| Apaanasthaanamantrasthaha shukra mootra shakrunti cha|| The “apaanavayu” one of the five types of vayu is located in the testicles, urinary bladder, phallus, umbilicus, thighs, groin, anus and colon. Its functions are ejaculation of semen, voiding of urine and stools. Shushruta explains the process of erection and ejaculation as When a man has desire (iccha) to have sex, his response to touch increases (Vayu located in skin causes flow of signals from skin to brain, thus causing sensation of touch). This causes arousal or “harsha”. Arousal or Harsha intensifies actions of vayu and at this moment highly active vayu liberates the teja or heat of pitta. Thus tejas and vayu increase body temperature, heart beat and blood flow causing erection. Causes of ED Erection requires a sequence of events. Erectile dysfunction can occur when any of the events is disturbed. Nerve impulses in the brain, spinal column, around the penis and response in muscles, fibrous tissues, veins, and arteries in and around the corpora cavernosa constitute this sequence of events. Injury to any of these parts which are part of this sequence (nerves, arteries, smooth muscles, fibrous tissue) can cause ED. Lowered level of testosterone hormone: The primary male hormone is testosterone. After age 40, a man's testosterone level gradually declines. About 5% of men that doctors see for erectile dysfunction have low testosterone levels. In many of these cases, low testosterone causes lower sexual interest, not erectile dysfunction. The whole male body responds to testosterone. Even sushruta has illustrated about this response of body to the element “Shukra” . He has said "yatha payasi sarpistu goodashchekshow raso yatha shareereshu tatha shukram nrinaam vidyaadhbishagwara." This means the shukra (the element which helps in reproduction) is present all over the body. This can be explained with the following examples: 1. The ghee is present in milk in an invisible form. This is extracted from milk using many processes. 2. The sugar is present all over the sugarcane. It is extracted by subjecting the sugarcane to number of processes. Same way shukra is present all over the body. But the cream of shukra (semen) comes out of the body only during the process of ejaculation. But this process of ejaculation needs a joyful union of mind and body. Decrease in production of “Shukra” causes erectile dysfunction. Over exertion - physically and mentally: Working for long hours in office, mental stress at office and home, short temperedness ,insufficient sleep cause erectile dysfunction. These causes are explained in ayurveda as "shoka chintaa, bhaya, traasaat .... " which means that erectile dysfunction or Impotence occurs due to grief, fear, anxiety and terror. Strained relationship with sexual partner: Erectile dysfunction also occurs when there is a disliking towards sexual partner. Ayurveda describes this as "naarinaamarasamjnatwaat..." means disliking for women. Diseases that cause Erectile dysfunction: Neurological disorders, hypothyroidism, Parkinson's disease, anemia, depression, arthritis, endocrine disorders,diabetes, diseases related to cardiovascular system also become reasons for erectile dysfunction.. According to ayurveda the diseases which cause erectile dysfunction are "Hritpaandurogatamakakaamalashrama..." - Heart diseases, anemia, asthma, liver disorders, tiredness. Apart from these the imbalance in tridoshas also cause impotence or erectile dysfunction. Consumption of medicines, drugs and tobacco: Using antidepressants, tranquilizers and antihypertensive medicines for a long time, addiction to tobacco especially smoking, excessive consumption of alcohol, addiction to cocaine, heroin and marijuana cause erectile dysfunction. In ayurveda texts these causes have been said in brief as "rukshamannapaanam tathoushadham" - "dry food, drinks and medicines" cause impotence or erectile dysfunction. Trauma to pelvic region: accidental injury to pelvic region and surgeries for the conditions of prostate, bladder, colon, or rectal area may lead to erectile dysfunction. These causes are mentioned as abhighata (trauma), shastradantanakhakshataha (injury from weapons, teeth and nail.) in ayurveda. Other reasons: Obesity, prolonged bicycle riding, past history of sexual abuse and old age also cause Erectile dysfunction. Ayurveda describes the cause of impotence or erectile dysfunction due to old age as follows. "diminution of - tissue elements, strength, energy, span of life, inability to take nourishing food, physical and mental fatigue lead to impotence." Remedies for ED ED is treatable at any age. The total treatment in for impotence is called as “Vajikarana therapy” in ayurveda. As this therapy increases the strength of a man to perform sexual act, like a horse, it is called 'Vaajikarana'. ('Vaaji'=Horse.) Vaajikarana therapy leads to • Happiness. • Good strength. • Potency to produce healthy offspring. • Increased span of erection. Eligibility for vajikarana therapy. 1. The vajikarana therapy should be administered to persons who are between 18 to 70 years of age. 2. These therapies should be administered only to a self controlled person. If this therapy is administered to a person who does not have self control, he becomes nuisance to society through his illegitimate sex acts. Psychotherapy Decreasing anxiety associated with intercourse, with psychologically based treatment helps to cure ED. The patient's partner can help with the techniques, which include gradual development of intimacy and stimulation. Such techniques also can help relieve anxiety when ED from physical causes is being treated. Same treatment is illustrated in ayurveda. It has been said “A woman who understands a man and is liked by him, along with erotic environment act as best aphrodisiac.“ Drug Therapy Numerous herbal preparations are mentioned in Ayurveda to treat ED or impotence. It has been said that people who have strong sexual urge, who want to enjoy sex regularly have to consume these preparations regularly to replenish the energy, vigor, stamina and strength. These preparations also supply the nutrients which are necessary for production of semen. Ayurveda tips to overcome ED 1. Consuming herbal preparations to rejuvenate the reproductive organs. 2. Massaging the body with a herbal oil which gives a relief from physical exertion and also acts as aphrodisiac. 3. Practicing Yoga and Meditation to overcome mental exertion and to cope up with stress. 4. Sleep at least for 8 hours a day. 5. Avoiding the consumption of alcohol, tobacco, heroin etc. 6. Exercise regularly. 7. Avoid hot, spicy and bitter foods. 8. Favor sweets, milk products, nuts and urad dal. 9. Add little ghee in your diet. 10. Give a gap of four days between two consecutive intercourses penis enlargment drug herbal natural penis elargement penis elargement device vimax free penis enlargement pills enlargement manhattan pennis penis enlargment patch do penis enlargement pills work vimax penis enlargement picture

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Understanding and dealing with the psychology of impotence is undoubtedly quiet a tough job. But there is no doubt that Cialis; the anti-impotence pill that completely reformed the treatment of impotence has had a deep effect on men who have erectile dysfunction. And simply finding a "quick fix" for impotence doesn't overcome other problems that may have been there before treatment began. Often overcoming impotence gives men impractical hope about their ability to instantly cure their emotional problems as well as their physical ones. Unfortunately it seems that for a large number of men, their ability to get an erection and have sex is viewed as an integral part of their masculinity and potency. Therefore, it's no wonder that the onset of impotence, even when triggered by an underlying physical condition, can produce psychosomatic problems that further impact on the impotence. Many times, the fear of not being able to perform adequately, dissatisfaction with penis size and self-consciousness about body appearance can all lead to the very thing that most men wish to avoid - failure to get an erection. Although, today one can buy cheap Cialis from any virtual or online chemist shop and with the worldwide explosion of technology more and more options of purchasing this wonder drug are being invented everyday. Therefore when anxiety is mixed up with the knowledge there may have been an occasional episode of impotence in the past, or when erectile dysfunction has been in existence for a period of time, this anxiety is multiplied. It is a common viewpoint that anxiety can effectively prevent a man from becoming aroused and getting and maintaining an erection. It is quite possible that taking a pill may temporarily overcome the impotence, but relieving the self-doubt and mental stress, which may have been brooding for any number of years, is harder to alleviate. The capacity to recover quality of life by restoring sexual function is viewed by some men as a near miracle and by others with fear and trepidation. Thus, the psychology of impotence is more or less about viewing your new life - with sexual function - as a new beginning, complete with all the new emotions that may be experienced and there is no use to retrieve ‘life’ the way the way it was prior to impotence, regardless of whether that was only months ago or many years ago. No body can stop the march of time as it moves on, and trying to live out life the way it used to be is a sure-fire bet for failure. penis elargement testimonials penis enlargment operation free natural penis elargement vimax testimonials penile enlargment surgeries pnis enlargement product penis enlarement surgeon natural penis enhancement exercise free penis elargement tip

A lot of claims of cancer cure secrets put patients and carers into a lot of confusion. The danger signals of cancer are: Tumor or Swelling. This is always a danger sign. Any swelling of the tissues anywhere in the body should always be looked on with suspicion. Even a goiter, which is an enlargement of the thyroid gland in the front of the neck, may become malignant at some time or other. If there is any doubt, one should see a good surgeon. Loss of Weight. Any loss of weight can be serious. This should always be thoroughly investigated, particularly in older people. Sometimes the loss of weight occurs so slowly that it is hardly noticed. There may be some good reasons for this. But whatever the cause, some record of a person’s weight should always be kept, preferably in your doctor’s office. Difficult Swallowing. Most of us have no difficulty in swallowing. In fact, we might be much better off if we had less capacity. But when a person suddenly experiences difficulty in swallowing, it is time to something about the condition. The trouble may not be due to cancer. But what ever the cause, it should be corrected. Warts and Moles. Moles and blemishes are exceedingly common. Many people also have warts. These are hard, dry growths in the skin. They come and go without any obvious cause. Usually they are perfectly harmless. But any sudden change in the appearance of a wart or mole should be reported to your doctor at one. Change of Color. This is another cause for concern. It could be due to slowly developing anemia, arising from something depressing the normal functions of the bone marrow. Cancel will sometimes produce these changes. So will other serious types of illness. Once should have a complete examination, as well as a blood count, urinalysis, and whatever X-rays may be indicated. Unusual Bleeding or Discharge. Certain discharges are perfectly normal within the body. They are necessary for the health of the whole system. But any unusual discharge or bleeding should be looked upon with strong suspicion. This could arise from cancer. Such conditions should be given a most thorough investigation. best penile enlargment pills penis enargement pic before and after vimax penis enlargement result vimax penis enlargement doctor penis enlarement before and after picture prosolutionpills vigrx penis enlagement pill free exercise tip for penis elargement free penis elargement tip

Do you want bigger breasts? Do you think exercise might give them to you? If so, here's a true story that might interest you. (Of course, we asked permission to print this story for you, and the names are changed to protect privacy). A young lady asked me this, regarding exercise and fitness personal training. Her question was "If I train with you, will my breasts get bigger? Will they lift themselves up, become firmer and fuller like they used to be when I was younger? Truthfully, I hesitated momentarily, before answering this one. Yes, I really wanted to motivate her, as well as gain her service as a new fitness client. And, I also wanted to stimulate her existing desire to re-kindle her fire and passion for exercise. My greatest personal satisfaction comes from seeing other people improve themselves, especially when their benefits come from advice, education, suggestions, and/or training techniques that I have brought to them. However, my ethics are much stronger than my desire for profit. Ethics in the diet, exercise, and personal fitness training industry are an extremely valuable commodity. They denote character and intent to provide quality service. Therefore, I smartly hesitated before answering the young lady's question. I could see the look in her eyes. She may have wanted me, as a trainer, to say, "Yes, of course your breasts will become larger, firmer, and fuller, just like they used to be. All you have to do is exercise." The truth, however, is quite surprising and perhaps contrary to your probable expectations. As I began to research the subject, "natural breast enhancement," many truths became obvious, almost instantly. Of course, you find your most immediate replies from Internet sources. Members of the general public, many of whom have no accreditation, formal education, or long-term training expertise, are free to create such highly opinionated responses. Although these individuals (and some small businesses, too) may mean well, they simply lack accuracy, especially in the art and science of conducting skilled research. Now, let me tell you what I noticed right away. Upon my first query on natural breast enhancement, several web sites displayed conflicting information. For example, one site said that herbs, minerals, and vitamins would cause a woman's breasts to enlarge. The next site said that "exercise" would boost breast size by at least one "letter." A third said that "nothing" would help because genetics alone determined breast sizes. A fourth claimed that wearing pressure clamps all day long would increase breasts by at least two cup-sizes. As you might already see, the offerings, replies, and suggestions included various alternatives, methods, and techniques. There were suction and pressure devices, creams, encapsulated hormone products, immune system "enhancers," nutrient supplements, etc. A few sites even boasted about "special secret exercises." (Of course, you had to pay first before they told you what these unique, new "special secret exercises" were, if any.) The exercise science industry says nothing about "special breast enhancement exercises." This type of information is only hype. Don't buy into it. Stick with science. Stick with accredited information sources. Maintain your knowledge through licensed, formally trained professionals. Especially, deal only with specialists who maintain high "ethical" standards. You may be interested to know this. Here is the basic outcome of a comparison between the various natural ingredients associated with "breast health." These ingredients were different from those that claimed to increase "breast size." If you are a candidate for such products, you must be meticulous about the phrasing of such descriptions. There's a saying on the Internet that, "You have to already know what you want, before you can find it." In other words, asking for "breast health" gives you different results than "breast enhancement" or "breast enlargement," or even "natural breasts." For example, properties of nutrients claimed to exert "anti-cancer" functions. Still, others were reportedly claiming to make the breast expand (or, at least "appear" to) swell in size. Certainly, you could rationalize the following. Some nutrients do indeed tend to protect your cells from deterioration. At least, there are some that may offset the formation of cancerous cells. This, however, does not automatically mean that the tissue will appear larger and/or grow bigger. When you refine your "purpose," you are more likely to find something that can provide you with a satisfactory solution. Do You Want the Bottom Line on "Natural" Breast Enlargement? There really is "nothing" available and practical that will give you such results. The only thing that possibly comes close to achieving this for you is the "pressure clamp" concept. That is, you wear pressure clamps all day long for about 20 to 30 days non-stop. Surely, you can see how many people cannot arrange the time for such an activity. Convenience is certainly a factor that affects you. And, can you withstand the discomfort of this type of breast enlargement technique? At least, this idea has some merit, but it's still not your most practical and achievable solution. Now, consider the following. In a "natural" way, nothing exists that will actually make your breasts firmer, fuller, or larger. You can, however, protect the "natural health" of your breasts. Additionally, with exercise, you can naturally increase the size and strength of the MUSCLE layers BENEATH your breasts. These muscle layers (called "pectorals") can give you a slightly more firm appearance. This is true only because the muscles themselves become more firm, NOT your mammary glands. In reality, breasts consist of fat tissue, not muscle. Fat can seldom be "firm" to the touch, and fat is hardly likely to give you a firm, solid appearance. Now, "think outside of the box" for just a moment. Returning to our original story line, the ironic thing is that the woman you read about already possessed very large breasts. Thousands of "decent-sized" ladies would "kill" to have what she already has. However, the feeling that your breasts may not be nice enough also comes from other facts. Your surrounding body parts can also lack THEIR proper shape and symmetry. Your overall fitness (including body fat ratio, flexibility, strength and endurance) may be poor or below average. So, here's a breast enlargement/enhancement/health solution that you can count on, virtually, forever. BECOME TOTALLY FIT. For example, with the woman you read about above, reducing waist size would conversely increase breast size appearance. Do you understand how this works? In exercise science, there is something called a "waist-to-hip" ratio. It measures your cardiovascular risk as well. However, with an excellent waist-to-hip ratio, your body "looks" good, too. In other words, reduce your waistline to enhance your upper body stature, appearance, and appeal. Next, there is your "body composition." This is an approximated measurement of the amount of fat you carry in your subcutaneous tissue layers (immediately below your skin's outer surface). This is a ratio of the fat to muscle your body carries. Via practically any combination of aerobic, bodybuilding, endurance, toning, or strength workout activities, you can remarkably enhance your body composition. This, in turn, enhances the size of your waist, plus the shape of your torso, and consequently, the appearance of your breasts. Therein lies your "breast enlargement," the "natural way." It's time to train your way into a more pleasing appearance, and a higher level of stamina comes with it. It's a win-win situation for you, without medical complications, and with no negative side effects. Help "nature" take its course by helping your body do what it is supposed to do – that is, to PERFORM. Call your trainer or weight management specialist and get more information. Then, step into higher gear with enjoyable and effective diet, exercise, and fitness physical activities. Your breasts will say, "Thank You." free penis enlagement technique penis enlagement pic penis enlarement pills review penis elargement surgeries truth about penis elargement penis enlagement stretcher free magna rx bottle vimax pill free penis elargement tip

Question: Dr. Vaknin – is it true that you are the father of the Law of Free Economic Zones? Answer: I participated in the dedicated and professional team, from many ministries and state organs, which prepared the law. The initiative – in collaboration with the delegation of the government of the Republic of China (Taiwan) – belongs to Dr. Milijana Danevska, the Minister of Development. Most of the work was done by her advisor, Ms. Zorica Doncevska long before I arrived on the scene. I did suggest a few amendments, some of which were accepted. Question: What is a free zone? Answer: There is an important distinction which the media is not aware of between FREE ZONES and FREE ZONE SITES. To quote from the law: "A free zone site represents a detached, enclosed and marked area of the territory of the Republic of Macedonia on which commercial activities are conducted under conditions prescribed by this and other laws and on which custom and other tax incentives determined by this law shall be applicable." "A Free Zone shall be established as trade associations conducting economic, technical, administrative, expert and other activities supporting the operations in the free zone sites." Question: Do other countries have free zones? Answer: Dozens of other countries have free trade zones, free industrial zones, free industrial or technology parks, customs free zones, free transhipment zones and many other types of free economic zones. Our law allows for all these types of activities to exist. It is very broad and flexible and one of the best and most complete laws I have seen. As opposed to popular opinion, free zones exist even in rich countries such as the United Kingdom or the USA (although they are not called "free zones" there). It is true, though, that to poor and middle income countries, such as Macedonia, a free zone can be an important tool for economic development. Question: Why do you use such cautious language, "can be"? Answer: Because it is never enough to have a law. What matters is how it is implemented. There are free zones in countries as diverse as the Philippines, Tunisia, Costa Rica and Taiwan. In some places they are the engine of the economic locomotive, in other they are a drag on the local economy. Question: So, the critics are right, free zones can be a bad thing? Answer: The critics are wrong. Anything that has the potential of generating investments, encouraging entrepreneurship, creating new working places, enhancing exports and improving the balance of payments – should be implemented without delay. Free zones are potentially powerful economic engines of exports and growth and employment. Would it have been wise of us to ignore their potential? Question: Can't free zones be used as tax havens, for smuggling or other criminal activities? Answer: If the free zones are run by criminals AND (this is a cumulative condition) the authorities are inefficient or corrupt – of course it can. But our law is very strict on WHO will own and run the free zones. It is also very explicit about the precise functions and procedures to be performed by the authorities intended to ensure that the free zones are not abused. Free zones will be established only where and when they can increase employment, bring new technology and know how to the country and increase exports. An average of 65% of the goods and services produced in the zones MUST be exported or the developer might lose its licence. Additionally the law says that the businesses operating in the zone must use local manpower and prefer domestic suppliers where economically feasible. Question: What is the Free Zones Directorate? Answer: This is my favourite part of the law, the one I am most proud of. We introduced, for the first time in Macedonia, not only in theory, but in practice, the concept of "One Stop Shop". All the business entities in the free zone will have one address to go to. They will no longer have to run for weeks between ministries, authorities, agencies and state organs. They will get everything they need from one central authority, from one address. All the relevant ministries and state organs will be represented there, with full authority to render all the services required by the free zones users. This is unprecedented. The ministers are worthy of the highest praise for being willing to participate in such an innovative approach. The law says: "The Free Zone Directorate shall be responsible for… granting approvals of requests of developers for the establishment of free zones; provision of supervision and management of free zone sites through its branches; coordination of the activities of state organs and authorities and public enterprises within the free zone sites; planning and developing free zone sites and making sites available to developers; public relations, advertising and promotion of free zone sites; attracting developers and users to the free zone sites; registration of businesses and structures within the free zone sites; coordination of issuance of licenses, permits and approvals where and as needed, of product quality control and the issuance of certificates of origin by the members of the Directorate; Inspection of installations and working conditions within the free zone sites; convening a labour relations committee in which all labour disputes between employees and employers in the free zone sites are to be settled; the coordination of the issuance of export and import licenses; coordination of the prevention of smuggling; coordination of the safety and security of people and property in the free zones sites; Provision and maintenance of all public goods and utilities … conducting other activities associated with the functioning of free zone sites and especially the implementation of the "one stop shop" concept of management of the free zone sites; raising the required start-up capital." Question: So, from now on, any trade association can open a free zone? Answer: Absolutely not. The developer must satisfy very strict and rigorous criteria to qualify. The law demands that it "…provide written proof of their financial ability matching their financial obligations under this Law either in the form of a performance bond or a bank document substantiating the availability of unencumbered funds in their account or audited financial statements" and "demonstrate previous experience and track record in trading or in the operating of free zone sites". The developers, in their application, must provide an environmental impact assessment, a marketing plan and a business plan or a feasibility study. And the developer loses his approval if it enters bankruptcy procedures, if it is proven that he provided false material information in his request, If he failed to build and operate the free zone site in accordance with the stipulations of this Law or failed to submit one annual report. Additionally, the developer pays 0.3% of the total turnover of the business entities in his zones. I think these are relatively reasonable terms. It will also not be that easy for the developer to do in the zone something other than what he undertook to do. Almost every substantial change requires a new approval. The law states: "Each change of a free zone shall be subject to the procedure for the establishment of a free zone … "Change" in this law shall mean: enlargement of the approved free zone site area; change in location of the free zone site; new activities are to be conducted in the approved free zone; each change in the composition of the developers (addition of new developer, change of corporate structure, take over, merger, acquisition, etc.) of the free zone; change of the period for existence of the free zone. Question: Still, inside the zone – the developer is king. Actually, it is a kind of ex-territorial area, like an embassy? Answer: I want to say it once and for all (because I heard this argument before): A free zone is NOT an ex-territorial area. It is an integral and inseparable part of Macedonia. All the domestic laws of Macedonia apply there. It simply has different rates of customs and taxes. The over-riding status of the Macedonian domestic law is stated numerous times throughout the law. One example: Article 20 says: "Free zone developers shall enact rules or pose conditions (hereunder referred to as "developer rules") under which their free zone site will be operated and activities conducted, regulate internal order and prescribe separate measures for protection of the working and living conditions and the environment. BUT… The developer rules shall not contradict all the applicable laws of the Republic of Macedonia, including their by-laws and regulations and all the international obligations of the Republic of Macedonia…. AND The developer rules shall be announced in the Official Gazette of the Republic of Macedonia after the approval given by the Free zone Directorate." Question: Aren't we offering too much by way of tax incentives? Aren't the revenues lost by the state worth more than the free zone will ever generate? Answer: It is a very narrow point of view. Tax revenues are not the only thing we should consider. What about unemployment, technology transfers, export enhancement? These are invaluable in that they can revive the economy. Compared to other free zones in other countries, we are offering mid-way concessions. We are by no means too generous. Additionally, to qualify to receive the tax incentives, the user must satisfy certain annual export quotas. It must prove that it generated NEW activities, not merely transferred activities from "mainland" Macedonia to the free zone "island". It must show that it is not involved in criminal activities or bankruptcy procedures and so on. Only then is it eligible to enjoy the tax incentives. Question: Which are? Answer: The law says it best: "Free zone users meeting the terms as in article 21 of this law shall be exempted from: Sales tax on products within the free zone site except for those products sold for final consumption within the free zone; Sales tax and VAT on goods imported into the free zone site for production purposes and for performing other approved activities in the free zone; Sales tax on services provided in the free zone immediately linked with export of goods and services; Profit tax for a period of ten (10) years from the day of commencement of activities in the free zone; Property tax for a period of ten (10) years from the day of commencement of activities in the free zone; All taxes otherwise applicable to any transfer of property or rights thereof between developers and users within the free zone. Free zone users reinvesting in the capital assets of the free zone site shall be entitled to a reduced profit tax base for the amounts invested after the expiration of the 10-year period. Free zone users shall be exempted from paying participations (contributions), taxes and other duties pertaining to use of land for construction, connection to the water supply, sewerage, heating, gas and power supply networks. Free zone land may be leased to foreign investors for a period of fifty (50) years, with a possibility to extend the term to another twenty-five (25) years, pursuant to the law. The developers of the free zone shall have the full right to sublet or rent parts of the free zones or structures thereon or rights thereof to the users." Question: Are the economic activities within the free zone restricted? Answer: Every type of economic activity is allowed EXCEPT the activities explicitly forbidden by the law. These include: the trading of decayed, rotten, expired or infected goods or waste material detrimental to the environment or not fit for human or animal consumption; radioactive materials except those which are needed for industrial, medical and scientific research purposes under a valid license from the competent authorities; drugs, chemicals and biological materials and chemical and biochemical derivatives with the exception of those used in industrial, manufacturing, medicinal and pharmaceutical preparations, according to certificates issued by the Ministry of Health; arms, munitions, weapons and military explosives; goods or services which originate from countries or firms subject to boycotts, embargoes or blockades imposed by the competent national and international organs and authorities; goods or services that violate public morals, public defence, public safety and the security of the state; goods or services that violate the domestic laws and international treaties pertaining to intellectual and commercial property; practices, services and activities in contravention or violation of treaties, laws, regulations and directives regarding the protection of the environment in Macedonia. Free zone users may apply standards, technical and quality norms of the destination country when manufacturing goods in the free zone intended for export. Free zone users may set prices for their goods and services and will not be subject to laws and regulations pertaining to prices in the Republic of Macedonia. Question: Will workers' rights be protected in such an environment? Answer: Workers' rights are protected only by a good economy. In Macedonia, we have a lot of theoretical workers' rights. But the right to work is violated by mass unemployment and by gigantic wage and pension arrears. All the employers in the free zone shall sign a collective agreement with their employees. The collective agreement will oblige the employers and the employees to settle labour dispute through arbitration or mediation. The Directorate shall set up a labour relations committee to provide the employers and the employees with an arbitration and mediation mechanism. Question: Thank you very much. Let's hope that free zones will fulfil all the expectations … Answer: I will settle for half the expectations … Thank you.